Breast ultrasound. Causes, symptoms, treatment Breast ultrasound

breast cancer on ultrasound Breast ultrasound. Causes, symptoms, treatment Breast ultrasound
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in ladies, he takes consumers. In most cases, breast cancer develops within the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, as well as cancer of the nipple along with the nipple with the field (Paget's disease in the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as a the node developing a diameter all the way to several centimeters. In some cases, a strong knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating in the surrounding fatty tissue, in others - a soft, juicy around the cut, splits easily. Diffuse cancer of the prostate is included for the considerable distance, the contours from the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades the skin and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In certain instances, the tumor spreads down the surface with the breast and all the iron is covered with a dense shell.

In histological structure will be the following forms of breast cancer:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive breast cancer might be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as a varying degrees of tissue and cell irregularities, which in a position to distinguish different amount of malignancy. This type of cancer include, especially, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which will has the structure of scirrhus, in addition to Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The reasons behind breast cancer often are hormonal changes inside body: the entry into menopause, if you find a dynamic restructuring in the hormonal regulation with the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased output of progesterone and estrogen, our bodies is certainly going through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining with the uterus) are most tuned in to these changes, the breast tissue actually starts to dissolve and stay replaced by fat.

Scientifically established how the female hormones estrogen-, plays an important role within the growth and development of breast cancers. The excess hormones inside the body results in a favorable background for developing the disease. The least active hormones estrogen behave when pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved that this birth and prolonged breastfeeding (more than twelve months) to reduce the risk of developing breast cancers. On the other hand, abortion result in hormonal "explosion" inside a woman's body that can trigger the development of tumors. So far there is no consensus in regards to the impact around the development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, however it is thought that these drugs reduce the chance of developing breast cancer, but increase the chance of developing cancer in the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to cancer of the breast might cause harmful environmental factors: environmental surroundings, along with inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients which has a category of first-degree relatives with breast cancer (mothers and sisters) chance of developing a tumor increasing by more than half - familial varieties of cancer.

Benign breast diseases like fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone tend not to cause cancer, but at the same time, create an unfavorable background because of its development.

The reason for breast cancer would be the outcomes of radiation, for example irradiation of the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can bring about cancer with the breast and female the reproductive system, with the excess fatty tissue within the body, it will become a separate endocrine organ and begins to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the growth and development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are many forms from the growth of breast cancer:

- Nodular form, the commonest, is seen as a a dense knot of 0.5 to cm or even more, it is characterized by all of the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor with no clear boundaries, "spreading" in the breast and skin. For the initial two forms are characteristic signs of inflammation: pain with the breast, a bright red color of the skin it raises temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of these symptoms often occur, and errors in proper diagnosis of patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which can be named and they are known as these forms breast cancers. When tubular carcinoma breast cancer cover being a "skin" of its contracting and decreasing in dimensions.

In some cases, breast cancers manifests within the form of metastases in the lymph nodes about the affected side, often fails to detect the tumor itself - show hidden breast cancers.

For small tumors with the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant women and their husbands can easily detect tumor site inside gland by chance, but in a large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot could be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks in favor of a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a strong knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it really is stationary or slightly shifted, may be firmly fixed for the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a significant size (more than three to five cm and sometimes 10-15 cm).

Need to assess the surface with the skin on the tumor: the malignant process is going to be observed retraction from the skin, collecting within the folds, wrinkles, a symptom of "lemon peel" - a local swelling with the skin on the tumor, is often a direct tumor invasion to your skin layer surface, then it becomes a bright red color and sprawl as "cauliflower."

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