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Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in females, he takes the first place. In most cases, breast cancer develops within the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, as well as cancer in the nipple and also the nipple in the field (Paget's disease with the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as the node using a diameter up to several centimeters. In certain cases, a decent knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating in to the surrounding fatty tissue, in others - a soft, juicy on the cut, splits easily. Diffuse prostate cancer is covered for the considerable distance, the contours in the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades the skin and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In some instances, the tumor spreads across the surface in the breast and many types of the iron is roofed with a dense shell.

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In histological structure would be the following kinds of breast cancer:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive breast cancers might be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as an varying examples of tissue and cell irregularities, which allowed to distinguish different degree of malignancy. This type of cancer include, particularly, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which usually has the structure of scirrhus, in addition to Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The causes of breast cancer often are hormonal changes in the body: the entry into menopause, if you find an energetic restructuring of the hormonal regulation from the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased creation of progesterone and estrogen, your body will go through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining from the uterus) are most attentive to these changes, the breast tissue starts to dissolve and stay replaced by fat.

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Scientifically established how the female hormones estrogen-, plays a key role inside the development of breast cancers. The excess hormones inside body generates a favorable background for developing the sickness. The least active hormones estrogen behave when pregnant and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved that this birth and prolonged breastfeeding (a lot more than 1 year) to lessen the chance of developing breast cancers. On the other hand, abortion cause hormonal "explosion" in a woman's body that could trigger the development of tumors. So far there is no consensus about the impact about the continuing development of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, however it is considered that these drugs reduce the potential risk of developing breast cancer, but increase the chance of developing cancer in the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancers may cause harmful environmental factors: the planet, as well as inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients which has a group of first-degree relatives with breast cancer (mothers and sisters) likelihood of creating a tumor increasing by over half - familial varieties of cancer.

Benign breast diseases such as fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone do not cause cancer, but at the same time, create an unfavorable background for its development.

The reason for breast cancer could be the connection between radiation, such as irradiation in the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can lead to cancer of the breast and female reproductive :, by having an excess dimply skin in the body, it becomes a separate endocrine organ and actually starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the continuing development of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are some forms with the growth of cancer of the breast:

- Nodular form, the most frequent, is seen as a a dense knot of 0.5 to 5 cm or higher, it can be seen as an all with the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor without any clear boundaries, "spreading" of the breast and skin. For the first couple of forms are characteristic signs of inflammation: pain with the breast, a bright red colorization of the skin it raises body temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of such symptoms often occur, and errors in carried out patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which are named and they are referred to these forms cancer of the breast. When tubular carcinoma breast cancers cover as being a "skin" of the contracting and decreasing in dimensions.

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In certain instances, breast cancer manifests inside form of metastases inside lymph nodes on the affected side, often does not detect the tumor itself - show hidden breast cancers.

For small tumors from the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant ladies and their husbands have the ability to detect tumor site inside the gland unintentionally, but in the large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot could be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks in favor of a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a strong knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it really is stationary or slightly shifted, may be firmly fixed to the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach a tremendous size (greater than 3 - 5 cm and quite often 10-15 cm).

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Need to gauge the surface of the skin on the tumor: the malignant process will likely be observed retraction of the skin, obtaining inside folds, wrinkles, a signal of "lemon peel" - a local swelling of the skin in the tumor, is often a direct tumor invasion to your skin surface, then it becomes a bright red color and sprawl as "cauliflower."